黄山，保护地的一次的革新

Huangshan, an innovative Nature reserve

黄山不仅是中国名山的代表，风光超越五岳；保护意义也很重大，是华东地区最后一片原始森林，也是华东地区唯一一个在中国32个生物多样性优先保护的区域。黄山处于中国南北交汇点，分布一批黄山特有动植物45种。

Huangshan is not only a representative of China's famous mountains, but also has significant value of protection.It is the last primordial forest in East China. It is also the only region in East China that has priority in protection of 32 biodiversities. Huangshan is located at the intersection of north and south China, and distributes 45 species of unique flora and fauna.

九龙峰省级自然保护区（含洋湖保护地）位于黄山风景区西部，面积37平方公里。这里也是千岛湖重要的水源地。保护区内有国家重点保护动物35种，包括国家一级保护动物，云豹、黑麂、白颈长尾雉等5种。保护区内可以发现濒临灭绝的中国野生穿山甲、野生大鲵、金头闭壳龟等物种，另有安徽省重点保护动物50种，国家“三有”野生动物190种（含昆虫类5种）。

Jiulongfeng Provincial Nature Reserve (including Yanghu nature reserve) is located at the west of Huangshan, covering an area of 37 square kilometers. It is also an important source of water for the Qiandaohu. There are 35 national key protected animals in the reserve, including some first class national protected animals like clouded leopard, Black fronted Muntjac，White-necked Long-tailed Pheas and 2 more kinds. In the nature reserve, we can find endangered Chinese wild pangolins, wild giant salamanders, Golden-headed box turtle and other species. There also have 50 key protected animals in Anhui Province and 190 species of National "Three Habits" wildlife (including 5 insects).

国家一级保护动物黑麂（保护区内红外相机拍摄）              

 国家二级保护动物 白鹇（保护区内红外相机拍摄）

然而保护区内人为活动频繁，盗猎盗伐时有发生，保护区周边天然林破碎化严重。社区居民很大程度上依赖对自然资源的获取（薪柴、草药、捕猎等）。虽然采取了很多措施，但盗采盗伐和偷猎事件仍时有发生。在流经保护区的溪流里也有非法捕鱼的现象，包括使用明令禁止的药鱼、电鱼的情况。

However, there are frequent human activities in the nature reserve like poaching and unlawful logging. The natural forests around the nature reserve are severely fragmented. Community residents rely heavily on access to natural resources (firewood, herbs, hunting, etc.). Although many measures have been taken, poaching and unlawful logging incidents still occur from time to time. There are also illegal fishing in streams flowing through the nature reserve, including the use of poison and electric to kill fish which are prohibited.

2018年3月，桃花源基金会与黄山区人民政府签署合作协议，获得九龙峰50年委托管理权。安徽当地环保组织绿满江淮在与桃花源基金会合作成立了黄山市黄山区绿满江淮自然保护中心，负责保护区的日常运营和管理工作。

In March 2018, the Taohuayuan Foundation signed a cooperation agreement with the Huangshan Government to obtain the 50-year entrusted management power of Jiulongfeng. Anhui local environmenta NGO GreenAnhui cooperated with the Taohuayuan Foundation to establish the GreenAnhui Nature Conservation Center in Huangshan, responsible for the daily operation and management of the nature reserve. 

在未来三年，我们希望能够实现委托管理的保护区域内杜绝盗猎和非法采集行为，在保护地内的人为经营活动转移到扩展区，实现保护区周边社区有受益，保护区能够实现100%资金自给自足。

In the next three years, we hope to prevent poaching and illegal collection in the nature reserve of entrusted management. Meanwhile, we hope to transfer the human activities to the extended area and benefit the communities around the nature reserve. We also hope the nature reserve can achieve 100% self-sufficient funds.

在保护地基础上，黄山保护地将有一系列革新，具体为：

On the basis of the nature reserve, there will be a series of innovations:

1. 政府购买服务：政府以购买服务的形式，第一次将部分公益林补贴和保护区建设费用提供给我们用于保护；

Government purchase service: For the first time, the government provides some forest subsidies and nature reserve construction fund to us for protection in the form of purchasing services;

2. 建立公众参与渠道：与蚂蚁森林合作第一次开展保护地的工作，仅8天160万网友就认捐满了保护地；

Establish a public participation channel: For the first time， we cooperate with Ant Forest to carry out the work. In just 8 days, 1.6 million netizens donated the protected land;

3. 尝试多种形式解决集体林权问题：通过转承包、协议保护等多种方式尝试解决集体林的保护问题，带来示范；

Try various forms to solve the problem of collective forest rights: try to solve the protection problem of collective forests through various methods such as subcontracting and agreement protection, and play a demonstration role；

4. 最易实现“绿水青山就是金山银山”的生态扶贫模式：保护区交通区位优势明显，周边农产品丰富，旅游资源发达，容易实现生态扶贫及保护区自给自足。

It is the easiest way to realize the ecological poverty alleviation model of “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”: the location of the nature reserve has obvious advantages； the surrounding agricultural products are rich；the tourism resources are rich. It is easy to realize ecological poverty alleviation and self-sufficiency of the nature reserve.

5. 联合本地机构开展共建保护地：项目由桃花源第一次与在地机构联合开展，通过和当地机构合作的探索，更容易实现保护1%国土面积的目标。

Cooperate with local institutions to carry out joint construction of nature reserve: for the first time，Taohuayuan carried out the project in cooperation with local institutions. Through cooperation with local institutions, it is easier to achieve the goal of protecting 1% of the country's land area.